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Dietary circadian rhythms and cardiovascular disease risk in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, France. Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France. Nutrition And Cancer Research Network (NACRe Network), Jouy-en-Josas, France. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029, Madrid, Spain. Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, France. b.srour@eren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr. Nutrition And Cancer Research Network (NACRe Network), Jouy-en-Josas, France. b.srour@eren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr.

Nature communications. 2023;(1):7899
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Abstract

Daily eating/fasting cycles synchronise circadian peripheral clocks, involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. However, the associations of daily meal and fasting timing with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence remain unclear. We used data from 103,389 adults in the NutriNet-Santé study. Meal timing and number of eating occasions were estimated from repeated 24 h dietary records. We built multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models to examine their association with the risk of CVD, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. In this study, having a later first meal (later than 9AM compared to earlier than 8AM) and last meal of the day (later than 9PM compared to earlier than 8PM) was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes, especially among women. Our results suggest a potential benefit of adopting earlier eating timing patterns, and coupling a longer nighttime fasting period with an early last meal, rather than breakfast skipping, in CVD prevention.